Van Til compares Calvin's understanding of God, sin, and grace to Roman Catholicism and Aristotle. He also explores common grace according to Scripture and the honest offer of the gospel.

Van Til makes a passionate plea for Calvinism in America to start engaging more with culture and the public square, in the spirit of Abraham Kuyper.

Van Til begins a discussion of Thomas Aquinas and his importance to Roman Catholic thought. He also shows how Reformed thought and apologetics differs fundamentally in terms of its starting point.

Van Til lectures on the genius of St. Augustine and how he continued to struggle with platonic influence, even though his biblical faith was sincere and won out over Platonism.

Van Til calls on Christians to wage war against Satan in the realm of culture by reclaiming Christian education for Christ.

Van Til moves on from Kant to talk about those who built on his thought, especially Karl Barth. He offers a critique of those who, as Barth, use traditional language but mean something entirely different by it.

Van Til once again discusses the thought of Kant and its relation to Karl Barth, highlighting the prevalence of autonomy in modern theology.

Van Til sets out the Christian position rooted in the Trinity and contrasts this with the modern approaches to God of using bare reason.